社会工作介入社会救助的需求、能力及体制机制分析

Analysis on the Needs,Capacity,Institutions and Mechanisms of the Involvement of Social Work in Social Assistance

社会工作介入社会救助是提升社会救助水平,使其更好地发挥反贫困效果的重要步骤。《社会救助暂行办法》对此已提出要求,民政部等部门也出台文件推动这一领域的行动。但是,要在实践中大力推动这一领域的行动还需要解决一系列具体的问题。通过集中讨论在我国推动社会工作介入社会救助需要解决的一些基础条件以及相关的体制机制问题。研究认为,当前我国要推动社会工作介入社会救助,需要提升社会救助对社会工作的现实需求,加强社会工作机构和社会工作者的能力建设,并且理顺救助社会工作发展的体制机制,包括协调各类主体之间的关系,设立救助社会工作岗位,建立长期可持续的财政投入机制,有效的救助社会工作服务传递机制和有针对性的服务评估机制等。

The involvement of social work in social assistance is a key step in improving social assistance system and making it have higher efficacy in anti-poverty strategy. The central government has set up requirements to this practice, by publishing ＂The Provisional Measurement of Social Assistance＂, and some related governmental authorities such as the Ministry of Civil Affairs etc. have issued important document to push forward the development of this policy area. However, there are still some significant problems to be solved before this program becomes actual policy practice. This paper focuses on some basic conditions related institution and mechanisms to be dealt with in the process of combining social work with social assistance. To propel the process of involving social work in social assistance, it is necessary to enlarge the actual needs of social assistance in social work, reinforce the capacity building of social work institutes and social workers, and reform the institution mechanisms of social work development, including coordinating institutional relationship among different actors, setting up relevant social work posts, setting up sustainable financing mechanism, effective service delivery mechanism and suitable service evaluation system.