邯郸市老年人自我感知老化及影响因素

Studying on the self-perception of aging among the elderly in Handan and its influencing factors

目的:探讨社区老年人自我感知老化水平及其影响因素,为制定老年人的心理健康干预策略提供参考依据。方法:按分层整群抽样方法,采用老化感知问卷(APQ)、健康促进生活方式量表(HPLP-C)等量表对邯郸市1371名老年人进行自我感知老化水平和影响因素调查。结果:邯郸市老年人自我感知老化的积极控制分量表得分最高,情感表征分量表得分最低。多元线性逐步回归分析显示,使用助行器、健康自评、健康行为是影响邯郸市老年人自我感知老化8个分量表的重要因素;长期用药、独居、高龄、女性、月收入、无配偶是影响个别分量表的主要因素。结论:邯郸市老年人的自我感知老化较消极,影响因素较多,应重点关注老年人的健康状况、健康自评及健康行为,采取综合措施为老年人创造积极的自我感知老化环境。

Objective To study the self-perception of aging among the elderly in Handan and its influencing factors, and provide references for intervention strategies of psychological health of the elderly. Methods 1371 cases of old people was chosen from Handan City with stratified cluster sampling method, and surveyed with Aging Perception Questionnaire （APQ） and Health-Pro- moting Lifestyle Profile （HPLP-C）. Results The scores of self-perception of aging among the elderly in positive control and emotion representation scale were the highest. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that factors of using walking aid instruments, self-appraisement and health behavior were important factors to influence the eight subscales of self-perception of aging among the elderly. And the factors of long-term medication, living alone, advanced age, female, monthly income and mateless are main factors to influence the individual component scale. Conclusion The self-perception of＇aging among the elderly in Handan was negative, which was influenced by many factors. The health status, self-appraisement and health behaviors of the elderly should be concerned by comprehensive measures.