20世纪以来美国土地用途管制发展历程的回顾与展望

Land Use Control Trends in the United States Since the 20th Century

本文主要回顾了美国土地用途管制的发展历程,从20世纪上半叶的区划(法),经由二战后的理性规划和1970年代的历史保护和美学管制,发展到1990年代的新都市主义和形态条例。进入21世纪后,随着生态环境保护日益成为主流,美国土地用途管制正逐渐向19世纪去中心化的传统回归。

This paper makes a historical review of land use control in the USA. It has experienced the development from zoning in the first half of the 20th Century, through rational planning after WWII and later historic preservation and aesthetic regulation, to new urbanism and formbased code in the 1990s. In the 21st Century, land use control in the USA pays more attention to the environmental protection and is embracing the regulatory philosophies of decentralization in the 19th Century.