《运动员流畅状态量表》的修订与检验——基于FSS和OMSS的整合测评

Revision and Test of Flow State Scale on Athletes in China Based on Integration of FSS and OMSS

目的:基于《流畅状态量表》(FSS)和《最佳心理状态量表》(OMSS),修订和检验《运动员流畅状态量表》的结构测评模型。方法:通过向473名运动员进行施测,运用临界比值法、标准差法、相关分析法以及项目反应理论对题项进行了删减,并采用克隆巴赫α系数、项目反映理论的信息量以及结构方程模型分析了量表的信效度水平。结果:(1)最终量表分为挑战-技能平衡、清晰的目标、关注于当前任务、控制感、行动-意识融合、明确的反馈、积极调控以及享受的体验等8个维度;(2)修订后的《运动员流畅状态量表》总信度为0.903,分信度为0.618~0.784,题项信息量范围为0.30~8.90,效度拟合指数为χ2/df=1.984、GFI=0.911、RMR=0.044、MSEA=0.048、TLI=0.903、CFI=0.920;(3)流畅状态的不同维度变量在性别、年龄以及运动等级上均存在不同程度的区别系数。结论:(1)修订后的《运动员流畅状态量表》可以较好的应用于运动员的心理状态诊断和调控;(2)不同属性的运动员存在明显的变量差异。

Based on the flow state scale（FSS）and Optimal Mental State Scale（OMSS）,this study was to revise and inspect the structure model of flow state scale on athletes.473 athletes were investigated.Some items were deleted using critical ration,standard deviation,correlation analysis and item response theory.Meanwhile,the reliability and validity were analyzed byαcoefficient,information index and structural equation model.It was shown that the scale included eightdimensions and twenty five items.The eight dimensions were challenge-skill balance,clear target,attention to the current task,sense of control,behavior-consciousness integration,explicit feedback,positive regulation and experience.After revision,the overall reliability was 0.903,split reliability was 0.618~0.784,range of information index was 0.30~8.90,fitting index wasχ/df=1.984,GFI=0.911,RMR=0.044,MSEA=0.048,TLI=0.903,and CFI=0.920.Significant differences were found in gender,age and level.It could be concluded that the revised＂athlete＇s flow state scale＂could be applied to the athletes＇mental state diagnosis and psychological adjustment.Different attributes of athletes had obvious variable differences.