基于景观安全格局的北戴河新区生物多样性保护研究

Research on Biodiversity Conservation of Beidaihe New District Based on Landscape Security Pattern

生物多样性是人类生存的物质基础,对人类发展意义重大。基于景观安全格局理论,借助ArcGIS 10,Conefor Sensinode 2.2和InVEST 2.2.0软件,识别源地,运用最小累积阻力模型构建最小累积阻力面并将研究区划分为3个阻力区:生物多样性保护缓冲区(阻力值0~8 242.16)、生物多样性保护过渡区(阻力值8 242.16~20 509.57)、生物多样性保护限制区(阻力值20 509.57~49 069.63),构建了以生物多样性保护为目的的北戴河新区景观安全格局。结果表明:生物多样性保护核心区占研究区总面积的13.34%,用地类型包括水体和林地;生物多样性保护缓冲区占研究区总面积的30.64%,主要用地类型是耕地、建设用地、水体和林地;生物多样性保护过渡区占研究区总面积的34.41%,主要用地类型是耕地和建设用地;生物多样性保护限制区占研究区总面积的21.61%,主要用地类型是耕地和建设用地。针对各功能区的用地结构特征提出了相应的生物多样性保护建议。

Biodiversity is the material basis of human survival, and it is of great significance to the development of human beings. Based on the theory of landscape security pattern, with the aid of graphics software, such as ArcGIS 10,Conefor Sensinode 2.2 and INVEST 2.2.0, the sources were identified, and minimum cumulative resistance surfaces were constructed by using minimum cumulative resistance model. The study area was divided into 3 resistance areas： the buffer for biodiversity conservation （the resistance value ranged from 0 to 8 242. 16）, the transition area for biodiversity conservation （the resistance value ranged form 8 242.16 to 20 509.57）, and the restricted area for biodiversity conservation （the resistance value ranged from 20 509.57 to 49 069.63）. Finally, the landscape security pattern of Beidaihe New District was constructed with the aim of biodiversity conservation. The results show that the proportion of core area for biodiversity conservation in the study area is 13.34%, and the land use types in this area include water and forestland; the proportion of buffer for biodiversity conservation in the study area is 30. 64%, and the main land use types in this area are cultivated land, construction land, water and forestland; the proportion of transition area for biodiversity conservation in the study area is 34.41%, and the main land use types in this area are cultivated land and construction land; the proportion of restricted area for biodiversity conservation in the study area is 21.61%, and the main land use types in this area are cultivated land and construction land. According to the characteristics of the land use structure in each functional area, we put forward some suggestions for biodiversity conservation.