高速无刷直流电机无位置传感器控制反电势相位补偿的研究

Research on Back Electromotive Force Phase Compensation of High Speed Sensorless Brushless DC Motor Control

无位置传感器的无刷直流电机(BLDCM)具有结构简单、调速性能好、效率高等特点,成为了水平井牵引器的最佳选择。在实际工况中,由于牵引器所采用的BLDCM转速较高,其反电势过零点会产生一定的相移角度,从而导致电机的换相点偏离最佳换相点。针对这一问题对反电势的相位补偿进行研究,提出了反电势过零点后一种动态相位补偿的方法实现电机的最佳换相,确保电机的平稳运转。试验结果证明此方法能够实现电机的"最佳换相逻辑",使电机运转平稳,增加了调速范围。

The sensorless brushless DC motor has the characteristics of simple structure, perfect performance of speed regulation and high efficiency, which had become the first choice for the horizontal well tractor. According to the actual working conditions, due to the speed of the brushless DC motor used by retractor was higher, so the back EMF zero crossing point would caused a certain phase shift angle, which lead to deviate from the commutation point of the motor from the best commutation phase point. Aiming at this problem, researched on the phase compensation of back EMF, and proposed a dynamic phase compensation method to realize the best commutation of the motor, which ensured the smooth running of the motor. The experimental results showed that the proposed method could achieve the ＂best commutation logic＂, which made the motor running smoothly, and the variable speed range became larger.