东南亚留学生汉字正字法意识的影响因素和发展情况

The Influences and Development of Chinese Orthographic Awareness of Southeast Asian Learners

本文采用纸笔测验的方法,考察了东南亚留学生汉字正字法意识的影响因素、形成和发展情况,还考察了其部件意识和部件位置意识的发展情况。结果发现,学习、频率、笔画、识字量是东南亚留学生汉字正字法意识的影响因素;东南亚留学生在初级上阶段已基本形成了汉字正字法意识,在中级上阶段进一步发展,左右结构汉字的正字法意识优于包围结构;东南亚国家留学生的部件意识和部件位置意识在初级上阶段都已基本形成,且二者同步发展,在初级下和中级上阶段,留学生部件位置意识的发展均优于部件意识,部件频率在不同水平阶段对东南亚留学生汉字正字法意识的形成和发展均没有影响。

This article discusses the influences, the formation and development of Chinese orthographic awareness of Southeast Asian learners by lexical decision tests. It also discusses the development of the awareness of components and parts location. The results found that learning, frequency, stroke, literacy are the influence factors of Chinese orthographic awareness of southeast Asian learners who have formed Chinese orthographic awareness in low grade, and further develop on the intermediate stage. Chinese orthographic awareness of left-fight structure is better than the surrounding structure. The foreign students of southeast Asian nations have formed the awareness of components and parts location in low grade, while in the intermediate stage, the development of the awareness of parts locations superior to compo- nents. The development of frequency components in three levels does not affect the formation and development of Chinese orthographic awareness of Southeast Asian learners.