水肥交互对红枣产量及生理状况的影响

Interaction Effects of Water and Fertilizer on the Yield and Physiological Condition of Zizyphus Jujube

【目的】了解水分胁迫和养分胁迫对红枣产量的影响。【方法】以新疆阿克苏市种植的红枣为研究对象,通过2个梯度的水分和2个梯度的养分的交互试验,测定不同水肥状况下红枣样地的土壤含水率,红枣产量,气孔导度,光合速率,蒸腾速率,胞间CO2浓度,红枣叶片养分组成和叶绿素荧光参数。【结果】(1)土壤含水率随着灌水量的增加而增加;(2)随着水分和养分的添加,红枣产量,气孔导度,蒸腾速率,光合速率,叶片氮、磷、钾含量,PSII最大光化学量子产量,PSII实际光化学效率(ΦPSII),光化学荧光猝灭系数(q P),光合电子传递速率增大;胞间CO2浓度,初始荧光Fo,非光化学猝灭系数NPQ降低。(3)在高水分高养分条件下,红枣的产量和各种生理指标要高于其它几个处理。【结论】单独的水分添加比单独的养分添加对于红枣生长更为有利,水分是影响红枣产量的主要因素。

[ Objective] To understand the effects of water stress and nutrient stress on the yield of Zizy- phus Jujube in Xinjiang. [ Method] Based on an interactive test of two water gradients and two nutrient gradi- ents, soil moisture content, red date yield as well as nutrients and chlorophyll fluorescence of red date leaves from red date sample plots in Akesu City （Xinjiang） under different water and fertilizer conditions were test- ed. [ Result] （ 1 ） Soil moisture content increased with the increase of irrigation amount ; （2） With the in- crease of water and nutrients, Zizyphus Jujube yield, N, P and K contents in leaves, maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSII, PSII actual photochemical efficiency （ΦPSII）, photochemical fluorescence quenching coefficient （qP） and photosynthetic electron transport rate increased, while the initial fluorescence （Fo） and tion of water alone is more beneficial to the growth of red date than the single nutrient, and water is the main factor to affect the yield of jujube.