我国8省43家面粉企业储粮昆虫种类调查研究

SURVEY OF STORED-GRAIN INSECT SPECIES OF FORTY-THREE WHEAT FLOUR MILLS OF EIGHT PROVINCES IN CHINA

面粉加工场所的储粮害虫发生和危害问题在所难免,不同害虫危害习性不同,了解面粉厂害虫种类及其发生危害特性对避免或减少面粉加工场所因害虫造成的损失具有重要意义。调查了位于我国的低温高湿储粮区(第三区)、中温干燥储粮区(第四区)、中温高湿储粮区(第五区)、中温低湿储粮区(第六区)、高温高湿储粮区(第七区)共5个储粮生态区,涉及8个省份43家面粉企业中昆虫种类及区系。调查结果为:面粉加工场所发生的昆虫种类有93种,涉及昆虫纲和蛛形纲,10个目,37个科。涉及昆虫纲的鞘翅目21个科,鳞翅目6个科,蜚蠊目和膜翅目各2个科,衣鱼目、革翅目、半翅目、啮虫目和双翅目各1个科,蛛形纲的拟蝎目1个科。

Occurrence and damage of stored grain insect pests are unavoidable in flour mills,and insects are different in habits, therefore, it is important to know the insect species and the behivor for insect management in flour mills. The insect fauna in 43 flour mills of 8 provinces in 5 grain storage ecological regions in China （low-temperature high-humidity grain storage region, medium-temperature dry grain storage region, medium-temperature high-humidity grain storage region, medium-temperature low-humidity grain storage region and high-temperature high-humidity grain storage region） were investigated,and the main habits and insect control measures were discussed according to different species of insects. Results showed that 93 species of insects were found in the four mills,involving 37 families of 10 orders of Insecta and Arachnoidea,wherein insects of Insecta belonged to 21 families of Coleoptera, 6 families of Lepidoptera, 2 families of Blattaria and Hymenoptera, one family of Thysanura, Dermaptera, Hemiptera, Psocoptera and Diptera; and insects of Arachnoidea belonged to one family of Pseudoscorpionida