基于EFDC模型的湿地生物塘水质净化效果模拟与优化设计

Study on the Purification Effect and Optimization Design of Biological Ponds in Wetland Based on EFDC Model

为研究湿地不同生境生物塘水质净化效果,筛选最佳生境的设计方案,以山东省鱼台县惠河湿地项目为背景,基于环境流体力学模型(EFDC模型),建立惠河湿地范围内的水动力、水质数学模型,并根据生物塘水动力、生物特征和物理形态等因素构建目标函数,进行综合赋分,对湿地中生物塘进行优化设计。结果表明:不同生境生物塘对水质有不同程度的改善作用;水体交换程度适当,生物丰富度大,岸线长,偏离主流的生物塘对水质的净化效果佳。研究筛选出的生物塘生境可为湿地修复与水质改善工程提供参考。

In order to study the water purification effect of different biological ponds and to choose the optimal biological pond habitat, this paper established a mathematical model by using EFDC model based on the Huihe wetland. The flow field distribution and water age distribution of Huihe wetland and the biological pond water purification effect under four kinds of scenarios are obtained from simulation. According to hydrodynamics, biological characteristics and physical forms of biological ponds, objective function is created and then the optimal design is obtained. The simulation results show that the biological ponds with different habitats have different degrees of improvement in water purification. Biological pond which has proper degree of water exchange, richness of biodiversity, long coastline and is deviated from the mainstream performs well. The biological pond habitat selected in this study can provide reference for wetland restoration and water quality improvement projects.