测土配方施肥技术推广对农户过量施肥风险认知影响分析

Impact Of Soil Testing Formula Fertilization Technology Extension On Farmers' Cognition Of Excessive Fertilization

基于在11省2 172个微观农户调研数据,采用有序多分类模型评估测土配方施肥技术推广对农户过量施肥风险认知的影响。研究结果表明:与获得测土配方施肥推广服务的农户相比,施肥信息未来源于农技站、未获得测土服务、未参加测土配方施肥技术培训的农户,对过量施肥产生的负面影响认知度比较低;农户性别、年龄、文化水平、农户是否加入合作社、施肥信息来源、测土服务、测土配方施肥技术培训是影响农户过量施肥风险认知的重要因素;农技站、盈利部门、科研单位分别在施肥信息传播、测土和测土配方施肥技术培训三个环节的服务对农户正确认识过量施肥风险问题发挥着积极作用。基于此,建立以农技站为主导的测土配方施肥技术推广服务体系,强化测土前中后期服务,推进施肥指导服务常态化、提高农民组织化程度和培育新型农业经营主体等政策思路。

A comparative analysis was conducted on the impact of soil testing formula fertilization technology extension on farmers＇ cognition of excessive fertilization through the ordered Logistic model with survey data collected of 2 172 farming households.The results prove that：the farmers,who didn＇t receive fertilization information from agrotechnical station,test service,or training,have lower awareness of the negative effect of excessive fertilization than those who obtain soil testing formula fertilization extension services; farmers＇ gender,age,education,membership of cooperatives,the source of fertilization information,test service,soil testing formula fertilization training are important factors affecting farmers＇ cognition of excessive fertilization; agrotechnical stations,for-profit sectors,and research units play a positive role in guiding farmers to recognize the problem of excessive fertilization in three processes respectively,namely,fertilization information dissemination,test service,and training.Based on the above empirical study,this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations.