意识·仪式:民间文学与民间美术的共生互融——以陕甘川毗邻区域民间祀神活动为例

Consciousness and Ceremony: On the Folk Art Cculture and Its Performance and Condition: As the Rregional Folk Fine Arts Culture of Shan Gan Chuan Adjacent Areas Example

民间艺术家始终相信"万物有灵",民间文学、民间美术是"万物有灵"的符号体系。民间艺术家将"天人合一"的宇宙观和"天、地、人、阴阳、五行"进行"矛盾"交融,以"集合万物优点于一身,包罗万象"的文化融合模式塑造形象,观照宇宙苍生,并在"境由心造"的"展演"仪式中,通过民间文学、民间美术的符号语言表达、标注其强烈的"神性"和"灵气",获知、诠释深刻的文化内涵,彰显、传承民族民间文化,记录、传达民族历史的变迁。从"万物有灵"到"天人合一"再到"境由心造",民间文学与民间美术共生互融,形成了民俗文化展演的三境界。正是这种现实的状态使民俗民间文化不断发展,汇入历史长河传达于后人。

The folk artists always believe that ＂all things have spirit＂. Folk art and its symbol system are the symbolic representation of the concept of ＂all things have spirit＂. Folk artists blend the world outlook of ＂nature and humanity＂ and ＂heaven, earth, people, Yin and Yang, five elements＂. It sets cultural integration mode shape image of ＂all the advantage of all-encompassing＂ to take care of the whole universe. In the environment by heart ＂performance＂ ceremony, through the symbolic language of folk art expression with its strong ＂divine＂ and ＂aura＂, it informs and interprets the profound cultural connotation, highlight, inheriting ethnic folk culture, records, and communicate changes of national history. From the ＂all things have spirit＂ to the ＂nature and humanity＂, and to ＂made in environment by heart＂, folk literature and folk art evolves to form three status of folk art and its performance. It is state of reality that folk art of aesthetic creation developed and summed up the history in later generations.