天津市宁河区2005~2014年疑似预防接种异常反应监测结果分析

Analysis on surveillance result of adverse events following immunization in Ninghe District, Tianjin City during 2005 ~ 2014

目的分析天津市宁河区疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测报告的运转状况,探讨提高监测质量的措施。方法整理辖区2005~2014年报告收集的434例AEFI个案数据,采用描述性分析方法进行流行病学分析。结果 434例AEFI病例分布在全区19个接种单位所在区域,报告覆盖率100%;按AEFI监测分类,一般反应335例,异常反应93例,偶合症5例,心因性反应1例;报告的AEFI主要发生于接种疫苗后0~3 d,占94.9%;434例AEFI中,男、女性别比为1.3∶1,0~1岁个案占病例数的70.7%;所报告的AEFI病例涉及22种疫苗,其中报告无细胞百白破、麻疹和乙肝(酵母)疫苗AEFI较多,分别占35.5%、12.7%、10.4%;AEFI临床分类以发热/红肿居首,占71.2%,其次是过敏性皮疹;报告的434例AEFI均已痊愈。结论天津市宁河区AEFI监测系统运转良好,预防接种安全可靠。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse events following immunization（AEFI）in Ninghe District,Tianjin City, evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system and investigate the measure to improve the monitoring quality. Methods The data on 434 cases of AEFI reported from 2005 to 2014 through the China AEFI Information Management System were collected and subjected to epidemiological analysis by descriptive method. Results The 434 cases were distributed in 19 vaccination sites, while the reported coverage was 100%. Of the 434 cases, 335 were common reactions, 93 were abnormal reactions, 5 were coincidental events, and 1 case was psychogenic reaction. Most（94. 9%）of the reported cases occurred 0 - 3 d after vaccination. The sex ratio in the cases was 1. 3 ∶ 1. A portion of 70. 7% of cases occurred in the children at ages of 0 - 1 year. The reported cases were involved in 22 kinds of vaccines, in which those involved in acellular DTP, measles and hepatitis B（yeast） vaccines accounted for 35. 5%, 12. 7% and 10. 4% respectively. Fever / redness and swelling accounted for 71. 2% of the AEFI, seconded by allergic skin rash. All the 434 cases were recovered. Conclusion The AEFI surveillance system in Ninghe District worked well, while the vaccination was safe and reliable.