湖北省县际种植业生产要素调控对策研究——基于三阶段DEA模型

Structural regulation countermeasures of planting industry production factors for counties in Hubei according to three-stage DEA modeling

为探索湖北省县域差别化的种植业生产要素结构调整措施,本文采用三阶段DEA模型评价湖北省耕地生产效率并测度其生产要素结构的合理性。研究结果显示:(1)剔除外部环境和统计噪声的影响后,各研究单元的DEA相对效率值均有所提升,各生产要素投入的冗余度降低;(2)鄂西山区和鄂东南丘陵地区有较高的农业劳动力要素投入冗余;(3)鄂东北丘陵地区和江汉平原部分区域的农业机械投入冗余度都比较高,但二者有着投入过度和利用强度不高的区别;(4)化肥投入冗余度未呈现出规律性空间分布,江汉平原和鄂西北部分地区化肥投入冗余率过高,需缩减化肥投入用量。从方法上讲,三阶段DEA模型可在一定程度消除外部环境和随机误差对耕地生产效率表现的影响,有助于还原真实耕地生产效率和制定区域差别化的生产要素调控对策。

Using three-stage DEA modeling we estimated the real production efficiency of arable land at the county level in Hubei, China. Research shows： By comparing differences among the four regions of Hubei （western mountain region, southern-eastern hill region, Jianghan plain and northern-eastern region） , some responding region-differential proposals are put forward for regulating the structure of plant industry production factors. Compared with the results of BBC （first stage） , in the third stage the efficiency increases and redundancy declines significantly, verifying that the three-stage DEA model, to a certain extent, can eliminate the influence of external environmental factors and random factors, and can show the real efficiency of one DMU in a degree. There are obvious spatial differences in arable land production efficiency and redundancy of plant production factors. The western mountain region and southern-eastern hill region have high redundancy rates for labor force and it is important to take certain measures to transfer the agricultural labor force to nonagricultural industries. The Jianghan plain and the northern-eastern region have higher redundancy rates for agricultural machines, yet there is a difference between the poor use of agricultural machines and redundant agricultural machine resource inputs and methods to raise the efficiency of agricultural machinery in the Jianghan plain and reduce the amount of agricultural machines in the northern-eastern region are needed. Fertilizer input redundancy has a regularity of spatial distribution. The Jianghan plain and northern-western region should cut down on the amount of chemical fertilizer used. Policy makers should lay down regional-differential policies to improve the structure of planting factors and the efficiency of arable land usage.