水下火器爆炸致兔急性闭合性肝损伤的实验研究

Experimental study on acute closed hepatic injury induced by underwater firearm explosion in rabbits

目的探讨水下火器爆炸致兔急性闭合性肝损伤的病理生理机制。方法选取30只兔,随机分为空白对照组(10只)和实验组(20只),实施水下爆炸损伤腹部,制作急性闭合性肝损伤模型,分别于爆炸损伤12、24 h后采样(每时间点各10只),测定肝湿/干重比(W/D)、动脉血氧分压(Pa O2)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和炎性因子。选取肝组织,显微镜观察光镜下肝组织病理形态。结果光镜下,实验组12 h起可见肝组织片状出血,肝血管破裂出血明显,肝组织内见片状坏死,肝索破坏,炎细胞浸润,偶见肝细胞嗜酸性变。与空白对照组比较,实验组W/D明显升高(P<0.05),Pa O2明显降低(P<0.05)。与空白对照组比较,实验组ALT指数明显升高(P<0.05),炎性因子较空白对照组明显升高(P<0.05)。结论水下爆炸冲击波可导致实验兔急性闭合性肝损伤,引起相应病理生理学改变。

Objective To explore the pathophysiology mechanism of acute closed hepatic injury of rabbits by firearm explosion underwater. Methods 30 rabbits were randomly divided into two groups as follow： control group （l0 rabbits） and experimental group （20 rabbits）. Rabbits in experimental group were made to rabbit models of a- cute closed hepatic injury by firearm explosion underwater. Animals samples were havested after the explosion at 12 hours and 24 hours, respectively （10 at each time point）. Liver wet/dry weight ratio （W/D）, arterial partial pres- sure of oxygen （ PaO2 ） , transaminase, inflammatory factors and liver pathology were detected. Results Liver tissue haemorrhage, rupture of liver blood vessels, liver tissue necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration were observed after explosion at 12 h and more seriously than those for 24 h in experimental group. Compared with the control group, W/D increased significantly （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , PaO2 decreased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） , transaminase index and inflammatory cytokines increased significantly （P 〈 0.05 ） in the experimental group. Conclusion The shock wave of explosion underwater can cause acute closed hepatic injury with relevant pathophysiology changes of experimental rabbits.