抗生素在甘蓝类蔬菜小孢子胚胎发生中的双重作用

The Dual Role of Antibiotics in Microspore Embryogenesis of Cabbage and Broccoli

为克服甘蓝类蔬菜游离小孢子培养中的细菌污染,以1个青花菜纯合系和2个结球甘蓝纯合系为试验材料,研究培养基中分别添加2种抗生素——头孢噻胯和羧苄青霉素对小孢子培养中细菌污染、胚胎发生和胚植株再生的影响。结果表明,2种抗生素的添加(25、50、100、200 mg·L^(-1))能够显著降低小孢子培养中的细菌污染;50 mg·L^(-1)头孢噻胯和羧苄青霉素的添加显著促进了结球甘蓝、青花菜胚胎发生和植株再生频率;抗生素处理高于50 mg·L^(-1)时,小孢子死亡率升高,同时小孢子的发育受到抑制。本研究报道了抗生素在小孢子培养中的双重作用,尤其是对于胚胎发生的促进作用,这对加快单倍体育种进程具有重要意义。

In order to control the bacterial contamination in isolated microspore culture（IMC） of Brassica oleracea, three inbred lines of broccoli and white cabbage were used as experimental materials, the effects of antibiotic treatments （cefotaxime and earbenieillin） on contamination, embryogenesis and the frequency of green plants were studied. The results indicated that antibiotic treatments （25, 50, 100 and 200 mg· L-1） significantly decreased visible bacterial contaminants in IMC of broccoli and cabbage; Moreover, the addition of 50 mg· L-1 cefotaxime or carbenieillin substantially increased the formation of embryo and green plants in cabbage and broccoli, respectively. However, the addition of over 50 mg· L-1 cefotaxime or carbenicillin had a passive effect on the viability and development of microspores. The results in this study demonstrated the dual effects of cefotaxime and carbenicillin for IMC systems, especially its improvement on embryogenesis, which will be of great benefit to accelerating the process of haploid breeding.