宁波市儿童EB病毒感染的流行病学研究

Epidemiological study of Epstein-Barr virus infections in children in Ningbo

目的了解宁波市儿童EB病毒(EBV)感染的状况及流行病学特征。方法收集2015年宁波市妇女儿童医院、宁波市江北区儿童医院0岁~14岁儿科就诊疑似EB病毒感染患儿的血液标本,酶联免疫法(ELASA)进行EBVCA-Ig G及EBVCA-Ig M检测,按性别、年龄、季节分组统计分析阳性率及差异。结果 3 956例患儿中EBVCA-Ig M、EBVCA-Ig G阳性率分别为17.1%、64.0%。不同性别EBVCA-Ig M阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);婴儿组、幼儿组、学龄前组、学龄组EBVCA-Ig M阳性率分别为1.3%、5.5%、7.2%、3.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中学龄前组阳性率最高,婴儿组阳性率最低。春季、夏季、秋季、冬季EBVCA-Ig M阳性率分别为3.7%、5.4%、3.4%、4.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),夏季最高。结论学龄前儿童为本地区儿童EB病毒感染的高发年龄段,婴儿组感染率最低;夏季为儿童EB病毒感染的高发季节。

Objective To study the status and epidemiological characteristics of Epstein- Barr（ EB） virus infections in children in Ningbo. Methods Blood samples were collected from 0- 14 years old children who were suspected to be infected with EB virus and went for clinic in Children ＇s Hospital of Jiangbei District and Ningbo Women and Children ＇s Hospital in 2015.EBVCA- Ig G and BVCA- Ig M were detected by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay（ ELISA）. The children were divided by gender,age and seasons to analyze the differences of infection rates. Results The positive rates of EBVCA- Ig M and EBVCA- Ig G of 3 956 patients were 17. 1% and 64. 0% respectively. There was no statistical significance on the difference of EBVCA- Ig M positive rates between boys and girls（ P〉0. 05）; the EBVCA- Ig M positive rates of infant,toddler,preschool child and school- age child were 1. 3%,5. 5%,7. 2% and 3. 1% respectively,and there was statistical significance on the differences among different age groups（ P〈0. 05）,of which the highest was in preschool child and the lowest was in infant. The EBVCA- Ig M positive rates of four seasons were 3. 7%,5. 4%,3. 4% and 4. 5% respectively,with the differences statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）,in which the highest was in summer. Conclusion The local Epstein- Barr virus infection in preschool children is the highest,which is the lowest in infant. Summer is the season of high incidence of EB virus infection in children.