2008年-2015年辽宁省锦州市手足口病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of hand foot and mouth disease in Jinzhou,Liaoning during 2008-2015

目的探讨锦州市手足口病流行特征和变化趋势,为疫情防控提供可靠依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对锦州市2008年-2015年手足口病疫情及监测结果进行分析。结果 2008年-2015年锦州市手足口病发病率总体呈下降趋势,其中在2011年-2012年有小幅反弹,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);城区病例数高于农村地区;季节性明显,各年份手足口病发病的月份分布基本趋于一致,每年6月份开始上升,6月-9月病例数较多,7月-8月为发病高峰;男性发病数多于女性,5岁以下儿童占全部病例数的92.42%。其中2岁~3岁病例数最多,占50.08%;共确诊手足口病924例,占病例总数的10.37%,其中EV71阳性占31.71%,Cox A16占33.77%,其他肠道病毒阳性占34.52%。结论锦州市手足口病具有明显的区域性、季节性差异,低龄、男性儿童是手足口病的高危人群。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trend of hand foot and mouth disease（ HFMD） in Jinzhou,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence of HFMD in Jinzhou during 2008- 2015. And the surveillance result was analyzed.Results There is overall downward trend in the incidence of hand,foot and mouth disease in Jinzhou from 2009 to 2015,which has a slight rebound during 2011- 2012,and there was statistical significance on the differences in incidence rate among different months（ P〈0. 05）; There are more cases in city than in rural area; it showed obvious seasonal character,and the month distribution of hand,foot and mouth disease cases in every year was basically consistent,which began to rise in June.There were more cases from June to September. There was a peak incidence from July to August. The number of male was more than female. The number of children under 5 years old accounted for 92. 42%. The number of children aged 2- 3 years old accountd for 50. 08%. The number of HFMD confirmed case was 924,accounted for 10. 37% of all the cases,among which EV71 accounted for 31. 71%,Cox A16 accounted for 33. 77%,and other positive enterovirus accounted for 34. 52%. Conclusion It is clear that HFMD occurs with preference of region and season. Young children and male children are high risk population.