非编码RNA功能与功能机理研究

Functions and functional mechanisms of noncoding RNAs

真核生物基因组具有广泛转录的特性,其中绝大部分转录产物为不编码蛋白质的非编码RNA.这些非编码RNA又可分为长链非编码RNA和小非编码RNA,并且两者都行使重要的调控功能.同时,非编码RNA也被用作生物技术及应用于生物医学.本文就非编码RNA在动物细胞基因表达等重要生命事件中的功能及功能机理进行综述,并简要介绍非编码RNA相关的生物技术、生物医学应用.

Eukaryotic genomes are pervasively transcribed, which results in the production of large amounts of noncoding RNAs without the ability to serve as template for protein translation. These noncoding RNAs can be divided arbitrarily into long noncoding RNAs and small noncoding RNAs, and both classes have vital regulatory roles in cells. Noncoding RNAs can also be harnessed as biotechnological tools and are suitable for utilization in biomedical applications. We summarize some of the discoveries of the functions and functional mechanisms ofnoncoding RNAs in critical life events, such as gene expression in animal cells, and provide a brief introduction to noncoding RNA-related biotechnologies and biomedicines.