龙眼种质资源种子性状多样性分析

Diverse Seed Characteristics of Longan Germplasms

对121份龙眼种质资源种子13个性状进行鉴定。结果表明：种子13个性状的变异系数4.6%-21.1%,其中种子重、种脐长度、种脐宽度、种脐宽度/种子横径、种子占果实质量的比率等5个性状的变异较大,变异系数均大于10%;来源于越南的龙眼种子最重,泰国的龙眼种子占果实质量的比率最小、可食率最高;种子重、种子纵径、种子横径、种子侧径、种脐长度、种脐宽度与单果重间均呈极显著的正相关关系,种子占果实质量的比率与单果重、可食率间呈极显著的负相关关系;主成分分析表明,13个性状可简化为种子大小、种脐大小、种子形状、种顶面观形状等4个因子。

Thirteen seed characteristics of 121 longan germplams at the National Field Genebank for Longan in Fuzhou were studied.The coefficient of variation of 13 characteristics ranged from 4.6% to 21.1%.Five characteristics,including seed weight,hilum length,hilum width,hilum width/seed transverse diameter and ratio of seed to fruit weight,showed higher degree of variation and coefficient of variation exceeding 10%.Longan germplams from Vietnam had largest seed weight,while longan germplams from Thailand had lowest ratio of seed to fruit weight and highest edible flesh rate.The fruit weight had significantly positive correlation with the seed weight,longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,and lateral diameter,as well as hilum length and hilum width.Ratio of seed to fruit weight had very significantly negative correlation with fruit weight and edible flesh rate.The results of principal component analysis showed that 13 characteristics could be reduced into four factors,namely the seed size,hilum size,seed shape and shape of seed tip.