我国农业土地规模经营模式研究——基于西方资本主义雇佣型大农场的衰落及启示

Study on Agricultural Land Scale Operation Mode in China: Based on the Decline and Enlightenment of Western Capitalist Employment Plantation

随着城镇化的快速推进,我国农村人口不断减少,土地经营模式正发生着根本性变革。以提高农业土地经营效益为目的,采用文献统计和比较分析等研究方法,通过分析西方资本主义雇佣型大农场的衰落历程及原因,提出在我国当前人均耕地面积较少、就业压力较大的情况下,实施家庭承包经营、雇佣型大农场以及家庭农场并行的土地经营模式,最终实现家庭农场主导经营模式。研究结果表明:耕者有其田的家庭农场模式可以促进更多就业,避免马尔萨斯-李嘉图危机,有利于财富的公平分配和社会稳定。

With the rapid advancing of urbanization,China＇s rural population is declining and the mode of land operation is undergoing fundamental change. Adopting the literature statistics and comparative analysis as the methods,this paper analyzes the decline process and reasons of western capitalist employment plantation. In order to increase benefits of agricultural land scale operation in China,it presents the parallel mode of land operation with household contracting management,employment plantation and family farm under the current condition of less per capita arable land and greater employment pressure,and ultimately realizing the family farm dominant operation mode. The results show that the mode of family farm with land to the tiller can promote more employment,avoid Malthusian-Ricardian crisis and favor the fair distribution of wealth and social stability.