小学中年级数学学困生除法计算错误分析

Calculation Error Analysis of Division in Mathematics of Students with Learning Difficulties in the Middle Grade in Primary Schools

以北京市朝阳区某小学四年级学困生与普通学生为研究对象,采用自编试卷对学生的除法问题进行分析,得出学困生与普通生的8种除法竖式计算错误:加法计算错误、减法计算错误、乘法口诀错误、商的错误、确定余数错误、抄错数、竖式不完整、其他。经过统计分析,结果表明:普通生与学困生在除法竖式计算不同错误类型数量上存在显著差异。两组学生除法错误类型频次排序为,普通生组:减法错误、抄错数、商错误。学困生组:减法错误、抄错数、加法错误。

With the fourth grade of primary school students with learning difficulties and ordinary students as research objects, this paper used the self-made test paper to analyze students' problems in division in mathematics. The results showed eight vertical calculation errors in division in mathematics of both students with learning difficulties and ordinary students: addition calculation errors, subtraction calculation errors, multiplication table errors, quotient errors, remainder errors, copy errors, uncompleted vertical calculation and others. Through statistical analysis, the results of the paper showed that there is a great significance in different types of errors and the number of errors in vertical calculation of division between ordinary students and students with learning difficulties. The type orders of division errors of these two groups of students are as follows. Ordinary group: subtraction calculation errors, copy errors, and quotient errors. Students with learning difficulties: subtraction calculation errors, copy errors,and addition calculation errors.