栀子果油及藏红花素的分步萃取研究

Extraction of fruit oil and crocin from Gardenia jasminoides by step

为提高栀子的综合利用价值,首先采用亚临界丁烷技术萃取栀子果油,然后从栀子饼粕中提取栀子藏红花素。采用气相色谱对栀子果油的脂肪酸成分进行分析,并在单因素基础上设计正交实验优化溶剂浸提栀子粕中藏红花素的工艺。实验结果表明,栀子果油主要成分为亚油酸,含量为53.72%,是一种营养丰富的功能性油料;正交实验结果得到最佳的工艺条件为:乙醇水溶液的浓度为50%,浸提温度为40℃,浸提时间为3 h,料液比为1:12;藏红花素的提取率可达0.21%,说明提油后的栀子粕具有提取藏红花素的能力。

To improve the comprehensive utilization of Gardenia, subcritical extraction of Gardenia fruit oil was perferomed, and then the crocin was extracted from Gardenia fruit pomace. The fatty acid composition was analyzed by gas chromatography, and orthogonal design was applied to optimize the extraction process of crocin by solvent extraction based on single factor experiment. The results showed that main composition of Gardenia fruit oil was linoleic acid（about 53.721%）, which was a kind of nutritious functional oils. The optimum extraction paramrters were the concentration of the ethanol aqueous solution of 50%, temperature of 40 ℃, an extraction time of 3 h, and solid-liquid ratio of 1：12 by orthogonal experiment. The yield of crocin could reach 0.21%, which showed that the Gardenia fruit pomace had the ability to extract crocin.