不同方法提取的玫瑰油挥发性化学成分对比分析

Comparative analysis of chemical composition of rose oil by different extraction methods

玫瑰油被称为"液体黄金",在多个领域具有重大的应用价值和经济价值。通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术,对不同方法(亚临界丁烷、超临界CO_2、有机溶剂乙醇等)提取玫瑰油的化学成分进行了对比分析,旨在为玫瑰的开发利用提供更多的理论依据和技术支持。结果测得玫瑰油中共含有85种化学成分,主要包括酸类、醛类、酯类、醇类、烯烃类、酮类、醚类、酚类、芳香烃类、烷烃类等物质。其中超临界CO_2提取的玫瑰油的挥发性物质含量最高,占94.28%,其他提取方法所得挥发性物质含量均较低,可见超临界CO_2提取方法占绝对优势。醇类化合物是挥发性成分的主要物质,在不同提取方法中其含量均最高。棕榈酸、苯乙醇、丁香酚这3种挥发性物质在6种提取方法中均被检测到,但不同提取方法中其含量差异较大。通过对不同方法提取的玫瑰油挥发性成分进行对比分析,可为玫瑰油的工业化生产提供一定的理论支撑和技术参考。

Rose oil is known as ＂liquid gold＂, which has been applied in many areas and have great economic value. In this study, the rose oil extracted by different methods（such as butane subcritical, supercritical CO_2, organic solvents like as ethanol） was analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） in order to design more roses exploitation, which would provide more theoretical and technical support for the utilization of roses. Results showed that there were 85 kinds of chemical constituents identified, including acids, aldehydes, esters, alcohols, alkenes, ketones, ethers, phenols, aromatic hydrocarbons, alkanes. In the content of volatile components of rose, supercritical CO_2 extraction was accounted for 94.28% of the maximum, but other extraction methods were lower lever, as the result that supercritical CO_2 extraction dominant. Alcohols content in all types of extraction methods were the highest, implying that alcohol was the main component of volatile substances. Palmitic acid, benzyl alcohol, eugenol as the main three kinds of volatile components in six methods were detected, but different methods are quite different in content. In this study, rose oil extracted by different ways has been done a comparative analysis of volatile components, which would provide some theoretical support and technical reference for industrial production of rose.