2015年天津市户籍居民恶性肿瘤死亡及去死因期望寿命分析

Analysis on cancer deaths and cause-eliminated-life-expectancy among residents of Tianjin, 2015

目的 探讨天津市户籍居民恶性肿瘤死亡及去死因期望寿命情况。方法 收集2015年天津市户籍居民全死因登记资料，按照全球疾病负担中恶性肿瘤分类标准进行分类，计算各类恶性肿瘤死亡率及去除之后对期望寿命的影响。结果 2015年天津市户籍居民因恶性肿瘤死亡17 641例，粗死亡率为171.79/10万，标化率为86.32/10万。其中男性死亡10 165例，粗死亡率为197.39/10万，标化率为95.41/10万，女性死亡7 476例，粗死亡率为146.04/10万，标化率为76.65/10万。男性恶性肿瘤死亡排前5位的是肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠肛门癌和胰腺癌；女性恶性肿瘤死亡排前5位的是肺癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、结直肠肛门癌和胃癌。去除恶性肿瘤后男性和女性期望寿命分别增长3.53岁和2.88岁，其中去除肺癌之后分别增长1.25岁和0.97岁，远超过其他恶性肿瘤。结论 肺癌是造成天津市户籍居民死亡及期望寿命减少的主要疾病，亟需采取有效的预防措施加以遏制。

Objective To explore the causes of cancer deaths and cause-eliminated-life-expectancy among residents of Tianjin. Methods Data from the death registry system of Tianjin residents in 2015 were collected and cancers were grouped according to the classification of Global Burden of Disease. Specific cancer crude death rate and cause eliminated life expectancy （CELE） were calculated. Results In 2015, 17 641 Tianjin residents died of cancer, with the crude death rate as 171.79 per 100 thousand and the standardized rate according to the Chinese population in 2000 as 86.32 per 100 thousand. The cancer deaths among men was 10 165, with crude death rate of 197.39 per 100 thousand and standardized rate was 95.41 per 100 thousand. While among females the cancer deaths was 7 476, with crude death rate as 146.04 per 100 thousand and standardized rate as 76.65 per 100 thousand. The top five leading deaths on cancers among men were lung, liver, stomach, ＂colon, rectum and anal＂, pancreas, while lung, breast, liver, ＂colon, rectum and anal＂, stomach were in women. The life expectancy increased 3.53 and 2.88 years among men and women respectively after the exclusion of cancer deaths. When lung cancer death was excluded, the life expectancy increased 1.25 and 0.97 years respectively among men and women. Lung cancer was the main reason of life expectancy lost than cancer of other locations. Conclusion Cancers, with lung cancer in particular, were the major diseases causing death and life expectancy lost in the Tianjin residents which called for urgent effective intervention programs to develop.