创伤暴露程度对中学生创伤后应激障碍的影响:控制感的调节作用

Trauma Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Control Beliefs as a Moderator

目的:探讨控制感在创伤暴露对PTSD影响中的调节作用。方法:以汶川地震1年及1年半后两个时间点497名中学生为被试,采用创伤暴露程度问卷、初级和次级控制信念量表、儿童创伤后应激障碍量表进行问卷调查。结果:在震后1年,主观与客观创伤暴露程度都显著正向预测PTSD,初级控制与次级控制都显著负向预测PTSD;初级控制负向调节客观创伤暴露对PTSD的影响,次级控制不起调节作用;而震后1年半,仅客观暴露程度显著正向预测PTSD,控制感对PTSD的预测作用不显著;次级控制负向调节主观害怕程度对PTSD的影响,初级控制不起调节作用。结论:初级控制与次级控制在不同时间点,在创伤暴露程度对PTSD的影响中发挥不同的调节作用。

Objective： To explore the relationship among trauma exposures, control beliefs and posttraumatic stress dis- order. Methods： At 2 time pionts, 1 year and 1.5 years after Wenchuan earthquake, 497 students of seven secondary schools in the worst-hit areas participated in this investigation. Results： At the first time point, both subjective and objective trauma exposure was positively correlated with on PTSD, while control beliefs was negatively correlated with PTSD. Pri- mary control negatively moderated the relationships between objective exposure and PTSD at one year after earthquake. At the second time point, objective trauma exposure was positively correlated with PTSD, whereas subjective exposure and con- trol belief had no effect on PTSD. Secondary control negatively moderated the relationship between subjective exposure and PTSD. Conclusion： Control belief has time-varied moderateing effects on the relationship between trauma exposure and PTSD.