口述、表演与叙事——非洲书面文学中的口头叙事研究

Orature,Performance,and Narration: The Study of Oral Narration in African Written Literature

自20世纪80年代以来,随着数位非洲作家问鼎诺贝尔文学奖,非洲文学以其独特的创作风貌和厚重的文化内涵引起了世人的瞩目,其重要特征之一便是口头叙事的大量运用。本文论述了表演理论为书面文学中的口头叙事研究提供的学理基础,并从框架和自反性两个核心概念出发,阐释表演如何桥接口述和书面叙事,从而构成文本深层的表演叙事结构,并探讨了表演叙事的文化功能和意义。从表演切入非洲书面文学中的口头叙事研究,对当代非洲文学理论的发展和非洲文学身份的建构,都具有十分重要的意义。

With several African writers winning the Nobel Prize for Literature since the 1980's,African literature has aroused world attention with its unique style and rich cultural connotations. One of the most important features is the wide use of oral narration. This paper expounds the theoretical basis that performance theory provides for the study of oral narration in written literature,and interprets how performance bridges oral and written narration from the concept of frame and reflexivity,constituting the structure of performance narration at the deep level of the text. It also discusses the cultural function and significance of performance narration.