环境侵权INUS条件因果关系论

On the INUS Causation Theory in Environmental Tort

无论学界还是司法实务界,对环境侵权因果关系的认识都存在不少混乱之处。一方面无法用传统的充分或必要条件原因解释环境侵权中因果关系的性质,而对能够解释环境侵权因果关系性质的部分因果关系理论又缺乏深入研究。另一方面,对判断环境侵权因果关系的理论或方法的适用范围缺少系统的分析,诸多理论或方法之间的关系并不十分清楚。把INUS条件因果关系理论应用在对环境侵权因果关系性质的分析上,并通过对原因行为与污染物之间因果关系的INUS最小充分条件集,以及污染物与损害结果之间因果关系的INUS最小充分条件集的研究,不但可以揭示环境侵权因果关系的本质,还能够清晰显示环境侵权因果关系诸理论或方法在判断因果关系的过程中所处的解题位置。

Either in academic or practical field,there are respectable confusions of ideas about the causation of environmental tort. On the one hand,the classical sufficient or necessary condition theory could not be applied to interpret the causation in environment tort. And there are no deep researches in partial causation theory which could fit this causation type. On the other hand,lacking analysis to the applicable scope of the theories and methods which could be used to judge the causation has resulted in some misunderstandings in the relations between these theories and methods. Applying INUS condition causation theory to environmental tort field and researching the minimum sufficient condition in the causation between conduct and agent and the causation between agent and damage could not only explain the nature of the environmental tort causation but also show the right positions of all kinds of judging theories and methods in the whole judging process.