秦巴山区云垂直结构分析

The Vertical Structure of Cloud in the Qinling-Daba Mounts

为探讨秦巴地区降水与云垂直结构特征之间的关系,利用近8年（2006年7月~2014年6月）的Cloud Sat数据,通过归一化等频率高度图（NCFAD）统计方法统计了各物理量各层的发生频数并对秦巴山区降水云的雷达反射率、云类型、云微物理量及热力参数的垂直分布特征进行了研究,结果表明：（1）秦巴山区降水云以层云和雨层云为主,夏季对流云的垂直发展最旺盛;（2）降水云雷达回波随高度先增加后减少,夏季具有典型强降水回波特征,春秋季呈一般降水回波特特征,即回波大值区同时出现几个极值,冬季降水回波特征不显著;（3）冰云粒子主要分布在3~8 km,粒子浓度随高度递增;液云粒子集中在2~4 km,粒子浓度随高度递减;（4）热力结构季节差异不大,且季节平均呈大气对流稳定。

To discuss the relationship between the precipitation and cloud vertical structure over the Qinling-Daba Mounts （ DQM）, the research analyzed with the CloudSat data during the period from July 2006 to June 2014 presents the verti- cal distribution of the radar reflectivity, cloud type, the microphysical parameters and the thermal parameters by using NCFAD statistical methods to calculate the occurrence frequency of each physical quantity in each layer. The results show that, （1） the main type of precipitation-cloud in DQM are stratus and nimbostratus, the deep convective clouds fully develop in vertical in summer; （2）the radar reflectivity of precipitation-cloud increase and then decrease with height and shows typical heavy precipitation echo characteristics in summer, verage precipitation echo characteristics in autumn and springseveral extreme values occur at same time, characteristics of the precipitation echo was not significant in winter; （3）Ice cloud particles are mainly distributed in 3-8 km, particle concentration increases with height; liquid cloud particles concentration in 2-4 km, the particle concentration decreases with height; （4）Thermal structure varies little in different seasons, and the atmosphere seasonis convectivestab.