切削参数对碳纤维复合材料制孔质量的影响

Influence of Process Parameters on Drilling Quality of CFRP Materials

高效、高质量的制孔是航空航天用碳纤维复合材料机械加工的基本要求。本文采用直径为3 mm的纳米金刚石涂层硬质合金钻头钻削T300碳纤维复合材料,研究切削参数(切削速度v=20,40,60,100,150 m/min;进给量f=0.01,0.018,0.03,0.045,0.06mm/r)对轴向力和制孔质量的影响规律。结果表明,轴向力随着进给量的增大而增大,随着切削速度的增大而减小,并建立轴向力Fz与切削速度v和进给量f之间的关系式:F_z=117.5·v^(-0.151)·f^(0.224)。在不同的切削参数下,孔入口处均未出现撕裂和毛刺,表现出良好的加工质量。随着进给量的增大,孔出口区质量在低速条件下由分层和撕裂变为毛刺,在高速条件下没有毛刺,出口区完整。总之,在高速和高进给条件下可以获得相对较好的制孔质量。

High efficiency and excellent machining quality are primary requests for drill machining of carbon fiber reinforced plastics （CFRP） in aviation industrial application. Diamond coated cemented carbide drill with 3 mm diameter was used to drill T300 CFRP material. The cutting force and drilling quality were studied under different cutting parameters （v = 20, 40, 60, 100, 150 m/min;f= 0.01, 0.018, 0.03, 0.045, 0.06 mm/r）. The results show that the thrust force increases with the increase of feed ratef and decreases with the increase of cutting speed v, respectively. The empirical formula of the drilling force is obtained, which is expressed by F_z=117.5·v^-0.151·f^0.224. The quality of hole entrance is satisfactory under different cutting parameters. With the feed rate increasing, the quality of the hole exit changes from delamination and spalling off to uncut fibers under low cutting speed. The hole exit has no uncut fibers and it is perfect under high cutting speed. In a word, the quality of hole exit is relatively better under higher eutting speed and feed rate.