秦汉之际医学流派的传承与《伤寒杂病论》的奠基

Inheritance of medical sects in Qin and Han Dynasty and the foundation of Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases

目的研究秦汉之际医学流派的传承发展、相互交融的情况,探究其对于《伤寒杂病论》成书的影响。方法通过梳理秦汉之际医学流派的的概况,了解本时期医学流派间的割据情况、传承方式以及之后学派间的交流情况,探讨这种交流对《伤寒杂病论》成书的影响。结果秦汉时期医学流派大概分为医经、经方、房中、神仙4派,经历了固守家学的学术壁垒期,逐渐进步为各家积极相互学习交流的发展时期,这种交流为总结先贤学术经验及中医药的进一步发展提供了条件,而正是这种交流发展催生了《伤寒杂病论》。结论秦汉之际医学流派间经历了从保守到交融的过程,这种交融是《伤寒杂病论》成书的基础。

Objective To study the inheritance of medical sects＇ development and blend in Qin and Han dynasties,and to explore its influence on Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases.Methods By analyzing the general situation of medical schools in Qin and Han dynasty,to interprete the separation between medical sects,and inheritance mode and the communication between medical sects.Then the influence of the communication on Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases was discussed.Results Medical sects during the period of Qin and Han dynasty could be divided into medical classics,classical prescription,coition medicine and immortality medicine which went through a long era of cleaving to knowledge transmitted from the master to the apprentices,gradually,to the development era of exchange of learning.As the consequence,the exchange or communication provided a good basis to summarize the academic experiences of the giants passed away and to push the development of TCM.It was this communication and development had given rise to Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases.Conclusion The medical sects in Qin and Han dynasty had gone through a process from conservative to communicative,and the communication was the foundation of Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases.