2015年江苏省网店自制食品中食源性致病菌的监测分析

Monitoring and analysis of foodborne pathogens in homemade food from online-shops in Jiangsu province in 2015

目的监测江苏省网店自制食品中食源性致病菌的污染状况,了解其中金黄色葡萄球菌的产毒及耐药特点。方法选取无锡、常州、盐城3个监测点,采集江苏省范围内的网店自制食品共214份。按照国家标准中的方法,对样品进行沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和单增李斯特菌的检验。并对分离得到的金黄色葡萄球菌进行葡萄球菌肠毒素检验和药物敏感性试验。结果被检测样品中共检出食源性致病菌13株,总检出率为6.1%,其中金黄色葡萄球菌9株、单增李斯特菌4株,未检出沙门氏菌,3份样品中的金黄色葡萄球菌含量超出国家规定的限量值。9株金黄色葡萄球菌中6株产生葡萄球菌肠毒素,金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素普遍耐药,对四环素、万古霉素和利福平的耐药率较高,对苯唑西林、环丙沙星、奎奴普丁/达福普汀和呋喃妥英等的耐药率相对较低;对耐莫西沙星、利奈唑胺、替加环素和甲氧苄氨嘧啶/磺胺甲恶唑有较好的敏感性。结论江苏地区网店自制食品存在食源性致病菌污染状况,其中金黄色葡萄球菌污染比较严重,产肠毒素比例高,且对多种抗生素耐药。相关部门应加大对网购食品的监管力度,确保网购食品安全。

Objective To monitor the contamination status by foodborne pathogens of homemade food from online-shops in Jiangsu province, and understand the drug production and resistance ofStaphylococcus aureus in samples.MethodsThe Wuxi, Changzhou and Yancheng were selected as monitoring sites, and 214 homemade food from online-shops in Jiangsu province were collected in total. TheSalmonella,Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenesin samples were detected according to the methods in national standards, and the isolated Staphylococcus aureus were tested for Staphylococcal enterotoxins and antimicrobial susceptibility.ResultsIn all samples,13 bacteria strains were detected, with the positive rate of 6.1%, including 9strains of Staphylococcus aureus and 4 strains of Listeria monocytogenes, and noSalmonella was detected. The content ofStaphylococcus aureusin3 samples exceeded the limitation of national food safety standard. Six stains of 9 isolated Staphylococcus aureus were positive for Staphylococcal enterotoxins. All theStaphylococcus aureus were resistant to benzylpenicillin and had generally high resistant rates to tetracycline, vancomycin and rifampicin. The resistant＆amp;nbsp;rates to oxacillin, ciprofloxacin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, nitrofurantoin were generally lower. Most of the isolated Staphylococcus aureus stains were sensitive to moxifloxacin, linezolid, tigecycline and trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole.ConclusionThere is bacteria pollution in homemade food from online-shops in Jiangsu province. The contamination status ofStaphylococcus aureus is serious. The positive rate of Staphylococcal enterotoxins is high and there is multi-drug resistance among theseStaphylococcus aureusstrains. The relevant departments should increase the supervision of online shopping food, so as to ensure the safety of online shopping food.