老年耳鸣患者的心理体验及应对方式的质性研究

A Qualitative Study of Mental Experience and Coping Styles of Tinnitus in Elderly Patients

目的探索我国文化背景下,老年耳鸣患者在症状发生时的真实体验。方法 2015年6月至2016年7月,采用现象学的研究方法对22例确诊为耳鸣的老年患者进行深入访谈,了解老年耳鸣患者的症状体验,采用内容分析法对访谈资料进行分析,归纳主题。结果老年耳鸣患者症状体验的三大主题为认知调整、情绪体验以及应对行为改变。结论大部分老年耳鸣患者在心理体验方面有着一定的相似性,除了需要家人、医护人员以及社会的支持,还应从健康教育、情绪调节以及应对积极性等方面着手,以提高老年耳鸣患者的生活质量。

Objective To study the real experience and coping styles in elderly patients with tinnitus.Methods Phenomenological research methods were used.Twenty-two elderly patients with tinnitus were selected and investigated by using in-depth interview. The symptoms of elderly patients with tinnitus were concluded.The themes were extracted after organized the data by content analysis.Results Three themes were identified including cognitive adjustments, emotional experience and coping behavior alteration.Conclusion There are some similarities in the mental experience of elderly patients with tinnitus.Elderly patients with tinnitus really need care and support from family, medical staffs and society, we should try to improve their quality of life from the perspective of health education, emotion adjustment, coping motivation and other aspects.