手术患者对麻醉复苏体位护理评价的质性研究

Qualitative study on nursing evaluation of anesthesia recovery position in the patients receiving surgery

目的通过在某三甲医院对手术患者运用访谈法进行调查,根据手术患者对麻醉恢复体位的需求,探讨患者对半卧位等体位的接受程度,为优化术后麻醉恢复期体位护理提供参考。方法 选择2015年12月-2016年2月符合纳入标准的患者作为研究对象,采用半结构式访谈方法深入了解访谈对象的自身感受,运用类属分析法深度剖析并了解患者在麻醉恢复期间的体验,获取其对自身体位的评价。结果 受访者对自身术后体位理解较单一,对复苏期的体位有个体需求;受访者对护理人员的工作正性评价较高,对舒适度的感受不理想;影响手术患者评价的相关因素,在本研究中体现在术前对麻醉方式及术后体位的了解程度、麻醉恢复过程是否顺利、手术患者自身的主观感受这三个方面。结论 根据对手术患者的调查研究,目前去枕平卧的复苏体位未能完全满足各种手术患者的各项需求。研究发现,半卧位及其它自由体位在复苏期的实行存在较大的需求,护理人员应重视并拓展术后麻醉恢复时期的体位护理,提高围术期护理质量。

Objective To investigate on the patients in an interview in a third-grade hospital, and to discuss the acceptability of patients with semi-recumbent posture according to the need of anesthesia recovery position, so as to provide references for optimizing the nursing of postopeative anesthesia recovery position. Methods The patients who were eligible in the admission to the study from December 2015 to February 2016 were selected in the study. Semi-tructured interviews were applied to deeply understand the own feeling of the interviewees. Category analysis was applied to deeply analyze and understand the experiences of anesthesia recovery in the patients, and their evaluation on their own position was acquired. Results Subjects＇ understanding of their postoperative posture was not much, and they had individual needs of the posture during recovery; the subjects had a higher positive evaluation of the nursing staff, and the feeling of comfort was not satisfactory; the factors related to the evaluation of surgical patients were evaluated in three aspects： understanding degree of preoperative anesthesia and postoperative position, the success of anesthesia recovery, and the subjective feelings of the patients themselves. ConclusiOn According to the investigation of the surgical patients,the current supine pillow recovery position can not fully meet the needs of various surgical patients. The study has found that semi-recumbent position and other free positions in the implementation of the recovery period are in big demands. Nursing staff should pay attention to and expand the nursing of posture during postoperative anesthesia recovery, so as to improve the quality of perioperative care.