不同途径移植脐带血干细胞对兔2型糖尿病的疗效观察

Effects of different route of umbilical cord blood stem cells transplantation in treatment of rabbits with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的 观察不同途径移植脐带血干细胞对兔2型糖尿病的治疗效果。方法 30只新西兰白兔,雌雄各半,制备2型糖尿病模型,随机分成5组,其中6只在兔的胰腺内注射脐带血干细胞5×10~5个（A组）,6只向胰腺背动脉内注入脐带血干细胞5×10~5个（B组）,6只经耳缘静脉输注脐带血干细胞5×10~5个（C组）,6只在腹腔内多处注入脐带血干细胞5×10~5个（D组）,其余6只向腹腔内注射相同体积的PBS液作为对照组（E组）。HE染色观察胰腺组织形态学变化。以上5组白兔均培养观察4周,每天监测白兔血糖,每周测血浆胰岛素水平,采用单因素方差分析和t检验对血糖值及胰岛素水平进行统计分析。结果 A组及B组在移植后血糖逐渐下降,胰岛素水平逐渐上升,第4周末,血糖降至（6.80±0.64）mmol/L和（6.78±0.57）mmol/L,胰岛素水平逐渐回到正常分别为（25.60±1.47）m U/L和（25.55±1.52）m U/L,与E组（21.77±2.70）mmol/L和（3.80±0.41）m U/L比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。而C组血糖较前下降,至第4周末血糖及胰岛素均未回正常水平,分别为（9.97±1.19）mmol/L和（15.82±1.05）m U/L,D组仍维持高血糖状态,血糖水平为（21.00±1.99）mmol/L,胰岛素水平无明显变化（3.77±0.31）m U/L,与E组（21.77±2.70）mmol/L和（3.80±0.41）m U/L比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。移植后4周A、B两组胰腺组织形态得到明显改善,C组部分改善,D组无明显改善。结论 将脐带血干细胞在胰腺、胰腺背动脉注射及耳缘静脉输注进行移植,可以明显降低血糖,增加胰岛素分泌量,其中,胰腺和胰腺背动脉注射效果优于耳缘静脉输注,腹腔内移植无明显效果。

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of different routes of umbilical cord blood stem cell （UCSCs） transplantation on type 2 diabetes mellitus in rabbits. Methods Thirty New Zealand white rabbits with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into five groups. In the treatment groups, 5 × 105 UCSCs were given via different routes： in pancreas in Group A, via dorsal pancreatic artery in Group B, via ear marginal vein in Group C, and in abdominal cavity in Group D. In Group E, the same volume of PBS was given via intraperitoneal injectionf ana served as control. The five groups were evaluated for 4 weeks, and the blood glucose was monitored every day, plasma insulin levels were measured every week. Pancreatic tissues were evaluated. Results In Group A and Group B, the blood glucose levels were decreased gradually, and the levels of insulin increased gradually, they returned to normal in the fotLrth week, as （ 6.80 ± 0.64）mmol/L and （6.78 ± 0.57）mmol/L, （25.60 ± 1.47） mU/L and （25.55±1.52） mU/L, compared with the control group （21.77 ± 2.70） mmolfL and （3.80±0.41） mU/L （P 〈 0.01）. The blood glucose and insulin levels were changed in Group C, and the levels of bood glucose and insulin were not returned to normal level at fourth weeks, the number were（9.97± 1.19） mmol/L and （15.82±1.05） mU/L. The blood glucose level and insulin level were not significantly changed in Group D and Group E（P 〉 0.05）. The islet architecture was improved and cell unite numbers were significantly increased in A and B group, but no changes were fond in D group. Conclusions Transplantation of umbilical cord blood stem cells in the pancreas, pancreatic dorsal artery and ear vein infusion can significantly reduce blood glucose, increase insulin secretion, better than the abdominal cavity transplantation.