冻结层上水地区实用排水措施

Practical drainage measures in the suprapermafrost water in the cryolithozone

研究冻结层上水地区实用排水措施对解决冻土地区居民因冻结层上水而带来的诸多不便问题具有重要的作用。本文通过以建在永久冻土上最大的城市——雅库茨克市为例进行说明,指出了:(1)永冻区土壤浸没问题给许多居民带来诸多不便;(2)永冻区土壤浸没主要是人们在建设大量砌体结构房屋的同时,还对道路进行改造,铺浇沥青而造成的;(3)矿化冻结层上水的危害主要为其在多年冻土层下的渗漏引发的湿陷现象和其的广泛分布使城区无法进行绿化;(4)永冻区城市排水要求为应从冻土、水文地质和工程地质角度综合考虑,提出合理科学依据,制定实用的保护措施;(5)永冻区城市排水技术方案构建时建议形成统一的相互联系的收集雨水和冻结层上水的三级排水系统。

It is very important to study the practical drainage measures in the suprapermafrost water in the cryolithozone to solve the problem which makes residents inconvenient because of the suprapermafrost water in the cryolithozone. By taking the example of Yakutsk, the largest city built on the permafrost, it points that： （1）The soil submergence in the permafrost zone brings many inconveniences to many inhabitants; （2）The soil submerged in the permafrost zone is mainly caused by the construction of a large number of masonry structures and the renovation of the roads and the pouring of asphalt. （3）The damage of the mineralized suprapermafrost water in the cryolithozoneis mainly caused by the seepage under the permafrost layer and its widespread distribution, which makes the urban area unable to be afforested; （4） The requirements of urban drainage in the permafrost zone are as follows： think from the perspective of frozen soil, hydrogeology and engineering geology, put forward reasonable scientific basis and work out practical protective measures; （5）In the construction of the urban drainage scheme in the permafrost zone, it is suggested to form a unified three-stage drainage system with interrelated collection of rainwater and frozen water.