基于Meta分析的神府榆采煤塌陷区植被变化研究

Meta-Analysis of the Characteristics of Vegetation Change in Subsidence Area of Shenfuyu Coal Mining

采煤塌陷是发生在井采矿区的一种严重的地质灾害。为了定量评估采煤塌陷对植被的影响,在收集有关神府榆采煤塌陷区植被研究文献的基础上,采用Meta方法对现有的20多份研究结果进行了整合分析。结果表明:植被盖度在塌陷发生初期有所下降,塌陷两年后又呈上升的趋势,并超过塌陷前水平。经塌陷干扰后,矿区主要优势种有一些变化,一般而言,地表植物种数在塌陷发生1~2a后有一定程度的增加,且塌陷区新增的植物种多是以沙米(Agriophyllum squarrosum(Linn.)Moq.)、角蒿(Incarvillea sinensis Lam.)等为主的短命或类短命荒漠植物。塌陷区植被变化特征展示了自然恢复在植被建设中的重要作用。神府榆矿区,以至黄土高原的生态建设需要采取自然修复为主与人工修复相辅的方式整体推进。

Subsidence is one of the serious geological disasters in well mining areas.More than 20 published papers were synthesized using meta-analysis method to assess quantitatively the influences of coal mining subsidence on vegetation changes in the Shenfuyu coal mining area.The results showed that the vegetation coverage in the coal mining subsidence area declined in the early stage of collapse,but it increased and gradually exceeded the original level within two years after subsidence.The dominant species had some changes after mining subsidence,generally speaking,the number of species increased within 1~2years after subsidence.The new plant species mostly belonged to ephemeral or ephemeroid plants after collapse interference,such as Agriophyllum squarrosum（Linn.）Moq.and Incarvillea sinensis Lam.Characteristics of vegetation change in the subsidence area also showed the important role of natural restoration in vegetation construction.The ecological construction measure that natural recovery is majorly adopted with artificial restoration complement should be carried out in the Shenfuyu mining area,even on the whole Loess Plateau.