近3届奥运会男子20km竞走速度变化特征分析

The Analysis Of Characteristics Of Men's 20km Race Walking Speed Variation In The Last Three Olympic Games

运用文献资料法、数理统计法和灰色关联分析法,对参加第29、30、31届奥运会男子20km竞走取得前15名的运动员的速度特征进行分析。研究发现:男子20km竞走前15名运动员全程速度变化主要包括3种类型,即阶梯型"■";抛物线型"■"和滑梯型"■";男子20km竞走第4阶段为制胜关键阶段;全程速度变化为阶梯型"■"的运动员,更易获得好名次。

This article analyzed the speed variation characteristics of the first fifteen athletes who participated in men~ 20 km race walking in the 29th, 30th and 31st Olympic Games, using the literature material, mathe- matical statistics and gray correlation analysis methods. The research shows that the first fifteen athletes show different types in the entire speed changes. Three types are included, namely the ladder type ＂ ＂ ; parabolictype ＂ ＂ and slide type ＂ ＂. Athletes should choose the most suitable speed change type for themselvesaccording to their own competitive state ;The fourth stage is the key to winning stage;The entire speed changes for the ladder - type＂ ＂ can be easy to get a better ranking.