武警某部官兵冻伤情况调查分析

Survey on the occurrence of frostbite among CAPF officers and soldiers

[目的]调查驻吉武警某部官兵冬训冻伤发生情况.[方法]选择2013年11月至2015年3月间驻吉武警某部参加冬训的官兵4 771例作为研究对象,设计问卷,调查冻伤发生情况,内容包括是否发生过冻伤、冻伤发生时间、冻伤部位、致伤原因、冻伤面积及深度、早期处置及预后,并进行分析.[结果]共发生冻伤539例次(11.3%),Ⅰ°冻伤发病率为85.1%,Ⅱ°冻伤为14.5%;手(67.7%)和足(13.8%)是易发部位.冬训中,未穿戴适宜防寒服饰的官兵冻伤发病率显著高于着装得当的官兵;未戴厚棉手套(67.7%)和未戴棉帽或未将帽耳放下(18.4%)是较多见的冻伤诱因;12月份和1月份是冻伤的高发期,占冻伤发病总例次的84.4%;新兵和南方籍士兵发生冻伤的比例明显高于老兵和北方籍士兵.[结论]北方寒区官兵冬训作业时易患Ⅰ°冻伤,应加强官兵的冻伤防治教育.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the occurrence of frostbite during winter military training among the CAPF officers and soldiers who stationed in Jilin province. METHODS A total of 4 771 CAPF officers and soldiers who attended winter military training in Jilin province from November 2013 to March 2015 was selected. Questionnaire was designed and analyzed, which included whether frostbite happened before, occurrence time of frostbite, body parts of the frostbite, cause of the frostbite, area and depth of the frostbite, early disposing and prognosis. RESULTS According to the survey, there were 539 cases of frostbite （accounting for 11.3 %）, the incidence rate of first degree frostbite accounted for 85.1%, and the incidence rate of second degree frostbite accounted for 14. 5 %, and the most susceptible body parts were the hand （67.7%） and the foot （13.8%）. During winter military training, officers and soldiers with poor protective clothing had higher risk of the frostbite incidence than those who dressed properly. Not wearing gloves （67.7%） and failing to wear cotton caps or put flaps of caps down （18.4%） were the most common causes of frostbite. December and January were the high-incidence season of frostbite, accounting for 84.4% of total cases. The frostbite proportion of recruits and soldiers from southern areas was significantly higher than the proportion of veterans and soldiers from northern areas. CONCLUSION During winter military training, officers and soldiers in northern areas were susceptible to first degree frostbite, so education for frostbite prevention among soldiers should be enhanced.