淡水·咸水·微咸水在吹填土和吹填砂脱盐中的优化利用研究

Study on Optimized Utilization of Freshwater,Saline Water and Slight Saline Water in Desalting of Hydraulic Reclamation Soil and Hydraulic Reclamation Sand

[目的]探究淡水、咸水、微咸水对吹填土和吹填砂的脱盐效果,筛选最佳方案。[方法]通过室内模拟,研究淡水、微咸水和咸水对吹填砂、吹填土的入渗过程、理化性质、水盐运动规律,通过用水量、脱盐时间和碱化现象等因素的影响,优化得出2种土样灌溉脱盐用水类型和方式。[结果]淡水、咸水和咸水在吹填砂脱盐过程中的入渗速率基本一致,而在吹填土的入渗速率从大到小依次为咸水、微咸水、淡水;淡水、咸水和微咸水对吹填砂脱盐前后p H的影响不明显,使吹填土p H明显上升。[结论]吹填砂使用微咸水灌溉,吹填土先咸水后微咸水进行灌溉脱盐为最经济有效的改良方案。

[ Objective ] To explore desalting effect of freshwater, saline water and slight saline water on hydraulic reclamation soil and hydraulic reclamation sand and screen out the optimal scheme. [ Method] Through indoor simulation, effects of freshwater, slight saline water, saline water on infiltration process of hydraulic reclamation soil and hydraulic reclamation sand, physical and chemical properties, water and salt movement law, water amount, desalination timeand alkalization phenomenon were studied, two optimal types and methods of desalination were obtained. [ Result] Infiltration rate of freshwater, slight saline water and saline water were basically same in desalting process of hydraulic reclamation sand, while in hydraulic reclamation soil, infiltration rate from large to small was in the order as saline water, slight saline water, freshwater; freshwater, slight saline water, saline water had no obvious effect on pH of hydraulic reclamation sand before and after desalination, however, pH in hydraulic reclamation soil was significantly improved. [ Conclusion] The use of slight saline water for irrigation of hydraulic reclamation sand, first use of saline water then slight saline water for hydraulic reclamation soil is the most economical and effective improvement scheme for desalination.