不同水生植物人工浮岛对生活污水的净化效果

Study on the Purification Effect of Aquatic Plant by Artificial Floating Island on Domestic Sewage

[目的]研究水生植物人工浮岛对生活污水水体的净化效果。[方法]利用人工浮岛技术种植水生植物,通过建立模拟的静态污水池,研究千屈菜、水生黄鸢尾、菖蒲、水生美人蕉对污水中化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮和总磷的净化效果。[结果]污水池中,千屈菜长势最好,所有植株开花;水生黄鸢尾和香蒲的株高变化明显,且不断有新芽冒出,长成完整的植株;水生美人蕉长势最差,根系生长不明显,只有少数植株开花,叶子呈黄色。4种植物对COD的净化主要在生殖生长阶段,对氨氮和总磷的净化主要在营养生长阶段。4种植物的优选顺序依次为千屈菜、水生黄鸢尾(菖蒲)、水生美人蕉。[结论]该研究可为优选水生植物和地面水的净化修复研究提供数据支持。

[ Objective ] To study the purification effect of aquatic plant by an artificial floating island method on domestic sewage. [ Method ] Cultivating aquatic plant by artificial floating island, through establishing simulated static sewage tank, the removal effects of willow vegeta- bles, aquatic yellow iris, calamus, aquatic canna on COD, ammonia nitrogen, TP were studied. [ Result] In sewage pond, willow vegetables grow best, all plants bloom;plant height of aquatic yellow iris, calamus changed obviously;aquatic canna grow worst, root growth was not obvious, only a few plants flowering, with yellow leaves. For COD, the purification of plants was mainly in the reproductive stage, and for ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus, it was mainly in the vegetative growth stage. The optimal order of four plants was as following, willow vegetables, aquatic yellow iris（ calamus）, aquatic canna. [ Conclusion] This study can benefit to the optimization of the aquatic plants and the further research on purification of surface water.