西藏西部的丝绸与丝绸之路

Silks and the Silk Road in Western Tibet

近年来在西藏阿里地区出土了一批汉晋时期的丝绸,是迄今为止青藏高原发现的年代最早的丝织品,对于研究西藏西部的古代文化交流与互动提供了极为重要的资料。本文对这批丝绸进行了详细介绍,并通过进一步的分析,揭示其背后蕴含的丰富信息。这些丝绸主要是经锦,其中一件的纹饰与新疆地区一些汉晋时期织锦图案相似,显然是通过新疆输入的来自中原内地的织物;同时也发现一部分纬锦,从其结构与装饰纹样来看,与新疆地区汉晋以来本地生产的绵线纬锦相同,为研究新疆地区的早期纬锦增加了新的资料。丝绸和其他共出器物表明,青藏高原西部地区并非独立于欧亚大陆之外、与丝绸之路毫无关联的一个区域,而是早在汉晋时期,已经汇入了丝绸之路交通网络,融入到宏观的中西文化交流的大潮中了。

Some silks of Han-Jin dynasties were discovered in Ngari region of western Tibet in recent years. As the earliest silks found on the Tibetan Plateau so far, they provide important materials for studying the cultural exchanges and interactions in ancient western Tibet. The paper makes a detailed introduction and further analysis about these silks and the abundant underlying information. The silks are mainly warp-patterned brocades. Among them, there is a silk textile and its decoration is similar to the brocade patterns in Xinjiang region in Han-Jin dynasties, which proved that it was transported from the central plains. There are also some weft-patterned brocade textures and the decorative patterns are the same as local weft-patterned brocades in Xinjiang, which can be considered the new materials in relative study. Silks and other unearthed objects indicate that the western Tibetan Plateau is not separated from the Eurasian continent but deeply involved in the transportation network of the Silk Roads and the macro-level tide of Chinese and Western cultural exchange in the Han-Jin dynasties.