文学地理学:批评和创作的双重空间

Literary Geography: Dual Space for Writing and Criticism

文学地理学是中国学者提出并发展起来的一门新的文学批评学科,虽然还没有得到完整的建构,然而其学术目标是相当明确的,并且初步开创了由两个方向所构成的双重空间:一个是对于文学创作的推动,一个是对于文学研究的扩展。由于对文学起源与文学本质的重新认定,把文学看成是地理感知与人生体验的统一,而让作家重新定位文学创作的自我坐标,把自然与人生放在同等重要的地位,从而纠正文学创作的世态化倾向与内视化倾向,发展出以地理(包括人文地理与自然地理)为基础的文学一脉。同时,由于把文学定位于地理环境的产物,从而让批评家和学者重新审视中外作家与文学作品,在重视时间之维的同时,注重对于空间一维的拓展,让文学批评与文学研究纠正忽略空间与地理的倾向,从而推动中外文学研究的重大发展与对文学理论问题的重新发现。

Literary geography, as a new approach to literary studies, was put forward and developed by Chinese scholars. Though its construction is not yet perfect by now, its academic target is clear. It opens a dual space for promoting literary writing and expanding the field for literary studies. The rethink of the origin and nature of literature in the way by which literature is regarded as a combination of man 爷 s geographical perception and life experience enables writers to relocate the position of literary writing and rank nature as important as life. This new approach helps to free literary writing from worldly tendency and internal focalization, thus, a criticism style based on the studies of human geography and physical geography is developed. The emphasis on literature as a natural outcome of geographical environment makes critics and scholars reexamine China and foreign literary writers and their writings, stress both geographical and chronological order, and correct the spatial and geographical tendency in literary critics and studies. With the emphasis, significant developments and new breakthroughs can be made in literary criticism and theoretical studies.