妇科常见恶性肿瘤中自噬的研究进展

Research Progress of Common Gynecologic Malignancy in the Autophagy

妇科恶性肿瘤是女性常见的恶性疾病之一,严重影响女性的健康,主要包括宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌、阴道癌和外阴癌五大主要类型。其中,以宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌最为常见。治疗妇科肿瘤的方法通常包括手术、放疗和化疗。然而,其高患病率和高致死率以及对化疗耐药严重制约着妇科肿瘤治愈率的提高。近年来,随着对肿瘤研究的不断深入,另一种细胞死亡的生物学过程——自噬现象,逐渐受到重视。自噬对肿瘤的发生、发展具有非常重要的作用。此外,肿瘤细胞可以通过自噬增强其对化疗药物的敏感性。卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌及宫颈癌等常见妇科恶性肿瘤组织中都存在自噬现象。自噬为妇科肿瘤的治疗提供了一种新思路。通过对自噬反应的干预,有可能成为妇科肿瘤生物治疗中的新方向。

Gynecological malignant tumor is one of the most common malignant diseases of women, which is seriously affecting the health of women, including cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, cancers of the vagina and vulva cancer. Among them, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer are the most common types. So far, treatment of gynecological tumors usually includes surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. However, the high morbidity and mortality as well as resistance to chemotherapy drugs seriously restrict the cure rates. In recent years, with the development of cancer research, the biological process of autophagy has attracted more attention. Autophagy plays a very important role in the development of common gynecological malignant tumor. In addition, autophagy enhances the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of tumor cell. Furthermore, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, cervical cancer and other common gynecological malignant tumor tissues are commonly regulated by autophagy. So, autophagy provides a new way of treatment. And the intervention of autophagy may become a new therapy of gynecologic tumor treatment.