摘要
古汉语中"如"训"不如"和"敢"训"不敢"等"某"训"不某"的非常规用法常常会被误解为顾炎武提出的"古人多以语急而省其文"。然而,"语急省"之说其实并不符合语言规律。例如,"如"训"不如"的用例常出现在表示给对方建议对话中,这时"如"应理解为"哪里比得上""怎能比得上",是一种语气较弱的反问句。另外,由于反问句中"岂敢""其敢"经常连用,"敢"逐渐吞并语气副词"岂""其"的语义,并借助语境因素,自身产生了表疑问的意义,进而与"不敢"义联系起来,但也不能简单地训"敢"为"不敢"。
This article treats the ＂Yu Ji Sheng ＂ termed by GU Yan -wu as research object , takes translating ＂as good as＂ into ＂not as good a s＂ and ＂dare to ＂ into ＂dare not to ＂ as examples,analysis the special phenomenon of interp retin g X into not X in ancient Chinese from the p erspect ive of exegesis on ancient Chinese language and syntax.
出处
《福建江夏学院学报》
2017年第1期90-97,共8页
Journal of Fujian Jiangxia University
关键词
语急省
反训
如
敢
＂Yu Ji Sheng＂explained as
as good as
dare
