主要经济竹种的微体快繁及苗木培育技术研究（英文）

Study on Techniques of Tissue Culture and Propagation for Thirty-five Economic Bamboo Species

选择35个经济竹种采用以芽繁芽的方式进行微体快速繁殖试验及苗木培育试验。结果显示,以种子作为外植体组培效果最好,其他依次为幼年竹节芽、小枝芽、大枝芽,成年竹节芽组培效果最差。相同炼苗条件下,毛环刺竹、实心瓜多竹、孝顺竹、黄金碧玉竹、非洲锐药竹、麻竹和大佛肚竹更易存活和发笋。苗木培育试验结果显示,蛭石是较为理想的炼苗基质,腐殖土及"30%锯末+70%红土"均为较好的育苗基质;组培苗移栽后施以N、P、K复合肥作为叶面肥,配以微量元素的追肥,可提高组培苗的成活率。竹子组培苗便于运输且成本低,因此成为生产竹苗的最佳选择。

Thirty-five economic bamboo species were selected for the experiments of micropropagation. Among all the explants,seed is the best one,followed by young node bud,small branch bud and big branch bud,while mature node bud is the worst. Under the same conditions,Bambusa balcooa,Guadua amplexifolia,B. multiplex,B. vulgaris cv.vittata,Oxythenathera abysinica,Dendrocalamus latiflorus and B. ventricosa are relatively easier to survive and shoot,while Phyllostachys aurea is the hardest one. Vermiculite is the most productive growth substrate. While for one-year tissue culture plantlets of D. latiflorus,vegetable soil is an excellent substrate,followed by the mixture of saw dust（ 30%） and red clay（ 70%）. Foliar fertilizer of N,P,K compound combined with micro elements on foliage can increase the survival rate of plantlets. Capping of bamboo plantlets can boost shooting. Bamboo plantlets from seeds and tissue culture are both easy to transport and low cost. Moreover,tissue culture plantlets become the best choice due to the rarity of bamboo seeds.