高效水基型金属切削液的制备

Preparation of Water-based Cutting Fluid with High Performance

在研究应用于切削液的表面活性剂的合成及表征的基础上,进行切削液的配方研制及性能测试。通过二甘醇与硼酸在甲苯中反应制得硼酸酯类表面活性剂,并研究温度、时间、共沸剂(甲苯)用量等对酯化率的影响;利用制得的表面活性剂以及市售的其他组分制备了多种切削液,并分别对其防锈性、润滑性、稳定性等相关性能进行测试,最终筛选得到2种高效水基型金属切削液。结果显示:在合成表面活性剂时,共沸剂用量在V(甲苯):V(水)=1.25:1时为最佳用量,达到平衡所需的反应时间是90 min,此时硼酸酯化率为95%;高效水基型金属切削液的最佳配方为:二甲基硅油乳化油(6滴)、二甘醇硼酸酯5%、苯并三氮唑3%、水78%、消泡剂602(6滴)、油酸二乙醇酰胺10%、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚3%、十二烷基磺酸钠1%。

This article describes the synthesis and characterization of surfactant. In addition, we studied the formula and perform-ance of cutting fluid. Firstly, borate ester surfactant was synthesized via the reaction of diethylene glycol and boric acid in toluene. Then the effects of temperature, time and the dosage of toluence on the rate of esterification were researched. Then, we used the sur-factant ,defoamers and a variety of other components to obtain several new water - based cutting fluid. The corrosion resistance and lu-brication of this new water - based cutting fluid were studied. Result shows the yield of borate ester reached 95% after 90min under the best conditions in which F（toluene） ： F（water） = 1 .2 5 ：1. The optimal formulation is： emulsifying silicon o il（6 drops） diglycol borate ester 5%、BTA 3% 、water 78%、antifoam reagents 602（6 drops）、6501 （10% ）、 AE0 3%、 SDS（1% ）.