无人机在森林消防中的应用探讨

Study on the Application of UAVs in Forest Fire Prevention

阐述了无人机的概念、特征和发展过程,以及无人机在森林消防中的应用及其局限性等。无人机在森林消防领域的林火监测,可燃物动态变化跟踪,一般火行为及飞火等特殊火行为的监控,火灾损失评估和火后更新、重建等方面应用广泛,尤其适用于山高、谷深、林密的西南高原林区的森林消防。在现有条件下,无人机在林业消防方面的大规模应用,尚需在升降技术、载荷携带、数据传输和储存等方面做进一步改进。

The concept, features,development history,application in forest fire protection and limitations of UAVs are stated. UAVs are widely used in forest fire monitoring, dynamic change tracking of combustible material and monito-ring of general fire behavior and special fire behavior like jump fire,fire loss evaluation, forest reconstruction after fire in the forest fire prevention field, especially suitable for forest fire prevention in the forest areas in southwest plateau featuring high mountains,deep valleys and dense forests. Under the current existing conditions,UAVs can not be used on a large scale in forest fire prevention and it is necessary to make further improvement in terms of lifting technolo-gy, load carrying,data transmission and storage.