平潭海峡公铁两用大桥施工安全风险评估

Safety Risk Evaluation of Construction of Pingtan Straits Rail-cum-Road Bridge

平潭海峡公铁两用大桥施工海域地质、水文、气象环境恶劣,给桥梁施工带来巨大的安全风险,为加强施工的安全管理,提升风险决策水平,综合参考大桥施工组织状况及施工海域地质、气象环境等多方要素,确定了施工过程中存在的96个典型潜在危险源,在此基础上通过专家问卷调查,采用LEC法确定了单个危险源风险值,然后分别基于作业分解结构-风险分解结构评估方法与模糊层次综合法对平潭海峡公铁两用大桥通航孔桥施工进行了风险评估。结果表明:平潭海峡公铁两用大桥施工存在较大风险,其中,海上运输、桥塔墩身施工、边墩与辅助墩施工、钢桁梁施工及斜拉索施工作业这5个施工单元被评估为"风险极高",须分别采取针对性的风险控制措施。

The geology,hydrology and meteorology environment in the sea area of the Pingtan Straits Rail-cum-Road Bridge is severe and the severe environment accordingly brings about great safety risk to the construction of the bridge.To reinforce the safety management and improve the risk decision making of the construction and on the basis of the synthetic consideration of the factors like the construction organization of the bridge and the environment in the sea area,96 typical potential danger sources that might exist in the whole process of the construction were located.Further through the expert questionnaire survey,the risk values of each single danger source were determined,using the LEC（likelihood,exposure and consequence）method and the risk evaluation of the construction of the navigable span bridges of the bridge was implemented,using the WBSRBS（work breakdown structure-risk breakdown structure）method and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.The results demonstrate that the great safety risk exists in the construction of the bridge,of which the 5construction units like the sea transportation,pylon and pylon pier construction,side and auxiliary pier construction,steel truss girder erection and the stay cable installation are considered to be ＂extremely risky＂and the pointed risk control measures for the construction units should be respectively taken.