溅射水对铁道绝缘子带电水冲洗效果的影响分析

Influence of Splashing Water on the Effect of Railway insulator Live Washing

带电水冲洗是清洗接触网绝缘子的主要方式之一,清洗产生的溅射水对水冲洗效果影响很大,而相应的研究却很少。通过流体仿真分析和理论研究,对溅射水在冲洗工作、冲洗机理和污垢黏附强度等3个方面对带电水冲洗的影响进行分析。结果表明:溅射水会增加清洗范围,提高清洗效率,但也有可能导致闪络的发生,影响冲洗工作安全;溅射水会改变射流清洗机理,清洗主要原因由以渗透内应力变为水压力直接挤压剪切;溅射水会提高污垢周围的相对湿度,导致污垢颗粒与绝缘子表面间的黏附力增加,但对清洗所需动压影响不大。

Live washing is one of the main ways to clean railway insulators and the splashing water generated has a great influence on cleaning effect,for which relevant studies are very rare. Fluid simulation and theoretical research are carried out to analyze the influence of splashing water on the cleaning effect from three aspects： washing efficiency,cleaning mechanism and dirt adhesion force. The results show that splashing water will increase cleaning range and improve the cleaning efficiency,but may also cause flashover and result in safety risks; splashing water may change the cleaning mechanism from permeate internal water pressure to directly shear pressure; it can also increase the adhesion force between dirt particles and insulator surface due to high relative humidity around the contamination caused by splashing water,but has a little influence on required dynamic pressure.